Job Description

COMMUNITY-LED INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS FOR BUILDING RESILIENCE (COLISOBR)

TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR INOVATION CLIMATE VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ANALYSIS (ICVCA)

1. SUMMARY

The Community-Led Innovative Solutions for Building Resilience project seeks to engage qualified and experienced facilitators of Innovation Climate Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis (ICVCA) to provide technical assistance in the planning and implementation of the ICVCA exercise and producing a high quality and analytical report which meets CARE and donor expectations. The prospective consultants will be responsible to lead the planning process of the ICVCA exercise using the CARE CVCA hand-book  as a guide, strengthen the capacity of CARE staff in ICVCA through training on the utilisation of ICVCA tools and the practical field ICVCA exercise, provide technical guidance in the ICVCA implementation process and application of the different risk, vulnerability and capacity assessment tools, ensure robust integration and synthesis of literature review information and community-level findings and lead the documentation, analysis and reporting of the entire ICVCA exercise at all levels.

1. CONTEXT

 FSNAU presented post Gu food security assessment findings, indicating a deterioration of the impact of the drought in Somaliland. The results indicate that 11,080 people are projected to be in Catastrophe (IPC 5). In total, more than 1.1 million people in Somaliland, which means approximately more than one in every four people, are food insecure (IPC 3 and above). All Somaliland livelihood zones, expect West Golis pastoral, are projected to deteriorate to Emergency category (IPC4) from October to December 2022. Roughly one-third (32%) of Sanaag region’s population (117,210 individuals) is expected to face food consumption gaps and depletion of livelihood assets indicative of crisis (IPC 3) and emergency (IPC 4) through to the end of 2021. Moreover, 18,000 children under the age of five are likely to be acutely malnourished and in need of humanitarian assistance to survive.  A CARE needs assessment in 2021 found high levels of severe food insecurity (63%) and poor food consumption scores in all districts assessed in Sanaag region: Badhan (100%), Elafwyn (98%) and Erigavo (67%).  For Somaliland future climate scenarios project increases in temperature and extreme climatic events such severe droughts, floods and increasingly and destructive desert locust swarms. The current drought in Somaliland has a series of profound implications including deforestation, increased aridity, overgrazing, soil erosion, water scarcity resulting into loss of fodder. As a result, many pastoralists are not able to sustain their livelihoods, and dropout of pastoral livelihoods. Pastoral communities in Somaliland have yet to recover from 40-60% livestock loss during the 2016/17 drought. The current drought will have equally devasting impacts on pastoralist households in terms of dropping out of pastoralism altogether. Increasingly pastoral dropouts relocate to displacement areas in peri-urban belts, placing additional stress on scarce and dysfunctional essential services.

The specific context of the programme relates to the pastoralist dropouts, who as result of loss of livelihood, and move to peri-urban displacement areas in Sanaag Region in Somaliland. These displaced pastoralists have historically low education rates resulting in limited livelihood opportunities. Access to safety nets in the peri-urban displacement areas is minimal, other than support from clan networks.

1. PROJECT BAKCGROUND

The CARE Somaliland COLISOBR project is funded by Danida and aims to strengthen livelihood resilience among pastoralist dropouts particularly ultra-marginalized women, who settle in peri-urban displacement settings in Sanaag Region in Somaliland by promoting new, climate-smart income generating opportunities related to integrated water, and food solutions requiring only small plots of land. This will be addressed through three interconnected solution areas; 1. high-value crops in perma- or vertical gardens through the optimization of water use in gardening and using livestock manure for composting; 2. strengthening linkages between rural demand and peri-urban supply; 3. recovery interventions to enable pastoralist dropouts to rapidly adopt new climate resilient livelihood portfolios.

Climate Innovation is at the centre of the Strategic Partnership Project. The COLISOBR innovation process has five phases: identification, ideation, solution development, testing, and scaling as shown below. Learning and feedback loops are an integral part of the COLISOBR innovation methodology.

The project is still at identification phase of the process, to date the project has conducted an extended quantitative baseline+ survey to develop broad community-level impact data to contribute to identify innovation challenges and feed into ongoing programming, reporting, as well as learning and advocacy processes. The baseline will inform the design of the iCVCA. This consultancy will focus on the iCVCA which is the next step in the innovation process. The COLISOBR iCVCA process is tailored and slightly modified CVCA process . The COLISOBR innovation-focused Climate Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis (iCVCA) is a participatory and community-based approach applied to support climate innovation programming. The approach draws on the Climate Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis (CVCA) and is applied for a specific climate innovation challenge, adding an additional ‘innovation’ dimension to the approach. The purpose of the iCVCA is to ensure that the innovation challenge is clearly defined and adequately informed by the local context and existing needs and problems. Furthermore, the iCVCA helps ensuring that the solution(s) developed under the programmes consider the specific realities of CARE DK target groups and thereby remain relevant to end-users.

1. OVERALL PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE ICVCA EXERCISE

The overall purpose of the assignment is to lead and oversee the design of the ICVCA process and tools, execution of the ICVCA exercise, and preparation and compilation of the analyses in consultation with CARE and government counterparts. The final conclusions and broad programmatic recommendations should specifically propose viable actions that can further support and strengthen the project innovation processes.

Specifically, the Innovation Climate Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis (I-CVCA) will:

• provide a more comprehensive understanding of the specific innovation challenge and local realities, building also on the key findings, learnings and gaps from the baseline+ survey[1], which may feed into programming, learning and advocacy processes.

• feed into an evidence-based ideation process in support of solution development, by creating end-user profiles, which draw on in-depth qualitative data and insights from targeted communities.

• facilitate community-led climate adaptation and build broader community mobilisation and engagement around the solutions, by identifying community adaption options and supportive actions, that can help address various aspects of the climate innovation challenge. This will also inform the development of a Community Adaptation Action Plan (CAAP).

1. METHODOLOGY

The exercise comprises of a review of literature and robust qualitative approach. The ICVCA will be conducted in 10 villages under Erigavo District.

Literature Review

Review literature on climate change vulnerability and capacity in Somaliland at large and in the project target region in particular, including observed and projected impacts of climate change for the country/region; the  extent  of  integration of  climate  change  into  various  key  development  policies  (e.g. agriculture, natural resource management, fisheries, health, environment, etc.); disaster management planning (including early warning systems); National/local government  capacity on climate change; recognition  of  socio-economic  dimensions  of  vulnerability  –  in  particular  the  gender dimensions of vulnerability between men and women;

Conducting the ICVCA

The process entails five key processes as outlined below.

Step -1 - Identification and forming of end-user groups

Based on key findings from the baseline+ study, identify and categorise the key end-user groups, which will form the basis for the analysis. The baseline will be used to map the potential end-users (e.g. pastoralists, the most vulnerable, the least vulnerable/most resilient, women farmers, refugees, IDPs, community change agents, youth, most marginalized, women pastoralists etc). The mapping should be informed a robust analysis of the resilience capacities of the end -users groups, sub-population with low resilience capacities will be prioritised .

Step -2 – Identifying Key Research Questions

After forming user-group the next process is to decide the key research questions and which key participatory exercises will supplement focus group discussions, in exploring and analysing the characteristics of each of the selected end-user groups (in terms of climate vulnerability, adaptation innovation capacity etc), based on issues emanating from the baseline study. One the critical aspect of this process is to understand the resilience capacities that matter for the identified targeted population sub-groups/end-user group. The proposed participatory should foster dialogue and debate among community members.

Step 3 – Development of Interview Guide

Based on the suggested guiding questions , this step will focus on designing facilitation plan and interview guide to support the focus group sessions and participatory exercises identified in step 2. The interview guide is developed based on the suggested guiding questions for analysis and included specific facilitation questions which fit the context and specific end-user.

Step 4 – Data Collection and Sense-Making

Focus group discussions supplemented with the participatory exercises should be carried out, with support from the facilitation plan and interview guide to collect data, as per the analytical framework. How the data is collected, structured and recorded should be clarified before the sessions (e.g. appointment of notetaker, recording/transcribing, notetaking, photos etc.). Before moving on to the analysis, all the information gathered should be compiled.

Step 5 – Conducting the Analysis

Draft findings of community identified adaptation options are presented to community and local government representatives, together with other relevant findings. It is also the opportunity to fill any information gap that may arise. Here it is also essential that the purpose of the exercise and any next steps are clear to stakeholders and realistic, not to raise expectations that the issues discussed will be addressed.  The compiled information should be used to answer the guiding questions for analysis.

1. DELIVERABLES

In reference to the scope of work above, the consultant team led by a qualitative research expert is expected to accomplish and submit the following:

• An inception report including:

• ICVCA processes

• Detailed work plan outlining all tasks to be completed by each of the members of the consultant team for the duration of the data analysis and report write up

• In depth qualitative analysis of data.

• Strong analytical capacity and experience in data visualization

• Excellent command of English, both oral and written

• A 50–100-page draft report (in MS Word), following the format required by CARE Somaliland. The main report should present a comprehensive analysis of data from the baseline survey. Narrative analysis and conclusions should be supported with relevant graphic presentation as required for illustrative purpose.

• Presentations of preliminary findings and recommendations validation and feedback with CARE and other stakeholders.

• Final report with corresponding finalized annexes in English.

• Summary report (2-3 pages long), in a reader-friendly format, for dissemination with stakeholders.

• Brief paper to support CARE Somaliland and CARE Denmark advocacy efforts, and feed into national and local policy processes (NDPs, local adaptation plans etc.).

SUGGESTED OUTLINE FOR AN iCVCA REPORT

1. Introduction: purpose of the analysis and overview of the process

2. Methodology: source of information, number, choice and location of participatory exercises/ focus groups/key informant interviews, name/institutions of key informants (if relevant).  

3. Key findings: Describe the main findings for each of the key issues for analysis organised as follows:

1. 3-6 separate user-group profiles

2. General trends & differences across end-user profiles

3. Community identified options for addressing the climate challenge

4. Any other findings relevant for ideation phase and solution development that have not been captured in the above

1. Conclusion & Next steps:

• how can the findings be used concretely for the ideation phase – what are the key take aways for the development of appropriate solutions?

• how can the findings be used for programming/adjusting project if/where relevant

• how can the findings be used for CAAPs & advocacy; what are the concrete steps that can be identified at this point

1. Findings and Conclusions

2. Recommendations

3. References (all documents reviewed and utilized in the final report)

4. Annexes (must include the SOW and tools used in conducting the analysis)

The report will endeavor to provide a “top-line” summary of findings and will not exceed 75 pages including all annexes.

1. Time-frame

The consultant will prepare the timeline for conducting the I-CVCA, which may be conducted over a period of 30 days and will involve the following tasks:

Skills and Qualifications

1. PROFILE OF CONSULTANTS

• Familiarity and preferably experience with CARE’s ICVCA/GCVCA/CVCA tool and related CBA Framework

• Understanding of context, policies, frameworks and strategies regarding climate change and DRR in Somaliland

• Previous experience in conducting quantitative and qualitative assessments, surveys using participatory approaches

• Experience of conducting qualitative assessments using a gender lens

• The candidate should have proven experience in Climate Change Adaptation/Disaster Risk Reduction and resilience programming or work

CARE will provide the following support in this ICVCA activity

• Two technical staff to provide technical review, support in conceptualising and standardizing the study, and provide on-going support and assistance as needed

• CARE to support the consultants identify and recruit community facilitators and advise on field work planning, data collection, travel arrangement and security monitoring.

• CARE will support transportation cost for consultant and data collection.

1. EXPRESSION OF INTEREST

• Up to date CVs of Lead consultants

• Technical proposal outlining the approach to be taken in undertaking this assignment

• Financial proposal

How to apply

Interested consultants or firms are expected to submit their applications, updated CVs of individuals to conduct the study or profile of applying company to:  SOM.Consultant@care.org  . Please indicate “’ TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR INOVATION CLIMATE VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ANALYSIS (ICVCA) ’as the subject heading not later than 30th November 2022

Female qualified consultants are highly encouraged to apply for this consultancy.

EmailSOM.Consultant@care.org